Low Carbon Technology and Policy in China Power Sector
China Research Center for Public Policy
ChangCe Thinktank
Contents
PREFACE
001 Proposal on Climate Change Mitigation Action Plan for Electric Power Sector
002 1. Introduction
003 2. Electric Power Sector and Climate Change
007 3. Guiding Ideology, Fundamental Principles, and Main Objectives of Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
008 4. Focus Areas and Main Actions of Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
011 5. Safeguards
015 CHAPTER ONE Current Situation of Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
016 Report One: Status of Electric Power Sector Development
016 1. Status of Electric Energy Consumption
017 2. Status of Electric Power Generation
018 3. Status of Electric Power Grids
020 4. Summary
021 Report Two: Current Status of CO2 Emissions from Electric Power Sector
021 1. Methodologies and Basic Assumptions
021 2. Status of CO2 Emissions from Electric Power Sector
023 3. The Position of CO2 Emissions from Electric Power Sector
023 4. Summary
024 Report Three: Electric Power Sector's Endeavors in Climate Change Mitigation in China
024 1. Current Status of CO2 Emissions from Electric Power Sector in China
025 2. Electric Power Sector's Endeavors in Climate Change Mitigation in China
037 3. Summary
043 CHAPTER TWO Technology Options for Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
044 Report One: Technology Roadmaps on Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
044 1. Increasing the Proportion of Non-Fossil Energy
047 2. Improving the Efficiency of Thermal Generation Units and Reducing T&D Line Loss
053 3. Conclusions and Recommendations
055 Report Two: Copenhagen Commitments and Comparison of Non-Fossil Power Generation Technologies
055 1. The Scope of Non-Fossil Power Generation Technologies
056 2. Basic Assumptions
057 3. Calculations and Analysis
059 4. Summary
065 Report Three: Technology Cost Curve for Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
065 1. Introduction
066 2. Technology Options for CO2 Emission Reduction in Electric Power Sector
067 3. Generation Costs and Carbon Intensity of Abatement Technologies
073 4. Power Generation Cost Curve and Carbon Emission Intensity Curve inBase Year (2005)
074 5. Power Demand, Non-Fossil Power Planning and Carbon Intensity
079 6. Analysis of Other Influencing Factors
081 7. Summary
091 Report Four: The Relationship between CO2 Emission Intensity Targets and Costs in Electric Power Sector
092 1. Introduction
094 2. Methodologies
100 3. Basic Parameters and Assumptions
109 4. Relationship Curve of CO2 Emission Intensity Targets and Costs in Electric Power Sector
111 5. Policies Analysis on CO2 Intensity Reduction in Electric Power Sector
117 6. Analysis of Policy Combinations
124 7. Conclusions and Recommendations
125 8. Deficiencies of the Research and Next Steps
127 CHAPTER THREE Policy Options for Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
128 Report One: Current Status of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in Electric Power Sector and Implementation Focus Areas
128 1. Introduction
129 2. Current Status of Policies for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction from Eclectic Power Sector in China
137 3. Implementation Focus Areas of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in Electric Power Sector in China
141 4. Proposal on Policy Refinement
144 Report Two: Benefit-cost Analysis on Launching Large Power Plants and Closing Small Thermal Power Plants in Electric Power Sector
144 1. Basic Content of Closing Small Thermal Power Plants
146 2. Implementation Process and Characteristics of Closing Small Thermal Power Plants
150 3. Methodologies for Benefit-cost Analysis
153 4. Cost and Benefit Analysis on Closing Small Thermal Power Plants
160 5. Conclusions and Recommendations
163 Report Three: Benefit-cost Analysis on Differential Pricing Policy
164 1. Introduction
166 2. Status of Power Consumption in China
170 3. Status of the Implementation of Differential Pricing Policy
173 4. Effects Analysis of Differential Pricing Policy
185 5. Cost Analysis of Differential Pricing Policy
197 6. Cost and Benefit Analysis of Differential Pricing Policy
198 7. Problems in the Implementation of Differential Pricing Policy
200 8. Recommendations on the Further Implementation of Differentiated Tariffs
200 9. Deficiencies of the Research and Next Steps
209 Report Four: Policy Evaluation on the Contributions of Differential Pricing Policy to Energy Saving and Emission Reduction
209 1. Introduction
210 2. Review on Differential Pricing Policy
212 3. Practice of Differential Pricing Policy in Fujian Province
216 4. Evidence Analysis of the Contributions of Differential Pricing Policy to Energy Saving and Emission Reduction
218 5. Optimization of Differential Pricing Policy
221 6. Main Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
228 Report Five: The Influence of Protective Full Amount Acquisition of Renewable Energy on Power Price
228 1. Current Status of Protective Full Amount Acquisition of Renewable Energy and Power Pricing Policies
231 2. Analysis on the Influence of Protective Full Amount Acquisition of Renewable Energy on Power Price
232 3. Positive Effects and Major Problems of Protective Full Amount Acquisition of Renewable Energy
236 4. Solutions
239 CHAPTER FOUR Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector and Macro-Economy
240 Report One: Scenario Analysis and Forecast of Energy in China in the Shock of Financial Crisis
240 1. The Influence of Financial Crisis on Global Economy
244 2. The Influence of Financial Crisis on China Economy
247 3. The Influence of Financial Crisis on World Energy and Power Sector
254 4. The Influence of Financial Crisis on China's Energy and Power Sector
270 Report Two: Analysis of the Influence of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in Electric Power Sector on Economy Based on CGE Model
270 1. Introduction
272 2. CGE Model and Data
275 3. Model and Scenario Assumptions
276 4. Analysis of Policy Simulations
280 5. Policies and Recommendations
282 Report Three: Analysis of the Relationship between Carbon Intensity of Electric Power Sector and Carbon Intensity Per Unit of GDP Based on Input-Output Model
282 1. China's Emission Reduction Commitments and the Position of Electric Power Sector in Emission Reduction
284 2. Methodology and Data Resources
285 3. Coefficient of CO2 Emission from Electric Power Sector
287 4. Relationship between Emission Reduction in Electric Power Sector and CO2 Emission Intensity Per Unit of GDP
290 5. Conclusions and Recommendations
295 CHAPTER FIVE International Experience in Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
296 Report One: International Experience in Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector
296 1. Integrated Resource Planning and Demand Side Management
297 2. Carbon Capture and Storage
299 3. Tax on Climate Change
300 4. Carbon Tax
302 5. Conclusions and Recommendations
303 Report Two: Comparison of CO2 Emissions from Electric Power Industry in China and U.S.
303 1. Comparison of Electric Power Industry in China and U.S.
309 2. Comparison of CO2 Emissions from Electric Power Industry in China and U.S.
311 3. Summary
313 Report Three: Comparison of Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector in China and U.S.
313 1. Introduction
313 2. Comparison of Electric Power Sector in China and U.S.
318 3. Comparison of Policy Options for Climate Change Mitigation in Electric Power Sector in China and U.S.
319 4. Challenges Facing China's Electric Power Sector on Climate Change Mitigation
320 5. Summary
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